These included Buddhist monks, medicine men, and drug traders. For his study, Nordal contacted those he considered the most important representatives of the indigenous system of medicine. From 1957 to 1961, Nordal studied the possible utilization of the medicinal plants in the Myanmar flora. In 1957, Arnold Nordal was appointed as a United Nations advisor to assist the B.P.I.

Raw Material Project was set up with the objective of providing as much of the raw material as possible from indigenous sources. Initially they had to depend almost entirely on imported raw materials. was вЂњlarge enough to cover the production of all essential medicinesвЂќ for the population. In 1948, when the Union of Burma first gained its independence from the United Kingdom, the first Burmese government began to build a pharmaceutical factory, the Burma Pharmaceutical Industry (B.P.I.). Hundley HG, U Chit Ko Ko (1961) Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Principle Climbers, etc.Sawyer AM, Daw Nyun (1955) Classified List of the Plants of Burma.Report of the Committee of Enquiry into the Indigenous System of Medicine (1951) Rangoon.Rodger A (1951) A Handbook of the Forest Products of Burma.Lace JH, Roger A (1922) List of Trees, Shrubs, and Principal Climbers, etc., recorded from Burma.Mason F (1850) The Natural Productions of Burma or, Notes on the Fauna, Flora, and Minerals of the Tenasserim Provinces and the Burman empire.Some of the earliest literature concerning the medicinal plants of Myanmar includes: History of published accounts of Myanmar medicinal plants The information contained in this compilation comes from popular knowledge and was not scientifically tested in terms of the efficacy of the uses of the plants listed. It is with this aim that we compiled a list of plant species and their medicinal uses in Myanmar based on published accounts. GSPCвЂ™s Target 13 aims for an increase in indigenous and local knowledge innovations and practices associated with plant resources to support customary use, sustainable livelihoods, local food security, and health care. The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) calls for the sustainable and equitable use of plant diversity ( CBD 2002). Preserving, protecting, and promoting (if scientifically supported) traditional knowledge is of key importance. Moreover, many widely used plant-based medicines are derived from traditional knowledge. In many parts of the world traditional knowledge and biodiversity still play an import role in health care, culture, religion, food security, environment, and sustainable development. Preserving the traditional knowledge of Myanmar healers contributes to Target 13 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. Botanic gardens worldwide hold 444 species (94%) within their living collections, while 28 species (6%) are not found any botanic garden.

Two species are listed as Extinct in the Wild, four as Threatened (two Endangered, two Vulnerable), two as Near Threatened, 48 Least Concerned, and seven Data Deficient. Of the 472 species, 63 or 13% of them have been assessed for conservation status and are listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ( IUCN 2017). The entry for each species includes the Latin binomial, author(s), common Myanmar and English names, range, medicinal uses and preparations, and additional notes. This contribution, containing 123 families, 367 genera, and 472 species, was compiled from earlier treatments, monographs, books, and pamphlets, with some medicinal uses and preparations translated from Burmese to English. A comprehensive compilation is provided of the medicinal plants of the Southeast Asian country of Myanmar (formerly Burma).

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